Spam getting out of hands

This morning, I received spam from Joseph's address[1]. While I had
heard about header forging for spam, I had never received one. Now
that I have, I am furious:
- they are using other people's identity.
- my whitelist filtering ("Woohoo, no more spam in my inbox, ever!" --
 Gerald Oskoboiny, 18 Dec 2000[2]) is useless.
- I cannot reliably filter such emails.

I am thinking of doing the following:
- start PGP-signing all my emails: people will be able to reliably
 filter emails coming from me.
 That won't solve the problem though, unless I can convince the whole
 world to do the same.
 Still, I am thinking about doing it, and writing tools to have a
 PGP-enabled whitelist.
- sue, or otherwise annoy (calling the CEO, etc), the spammers who
 will use my identity. I am not sure how to do that though and how
 successful I will be.

It seems that there is no immediate nor easy technological answer, and
no easy legal action either.

I would like to know what others intend to do.

If we can get a pool of people PGP-signing email, we might be able to
get more by explaining the benefits. Somehow I doubt that it will
happen, but I guess that PGP-signing mine will at least make me feel
better.

 1. http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/spec-prod/2002AprJun/0001.html
 2. http://impressive.net/archives/fogo/[email protected]
--
Hugo Haas <[email protected]> - http://larve.net/people/hugo/
- I'd really like to give it a try. - I don't know Marge, trying is the
first step towards failure. -- Homer J. Simpson

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

Parents:

* Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2002-04-03 11:10-0500]
> I am thinking of doing the following:
[..]
> - sue, or otherwise annoy (calling the CEO, etc), the spammers who
>   will use my identity. I am not sure how to do that though and how
>   successful I will be.

Since a fake email from Danbri just get through my whitelist, I just
called them (407-539-0615) to complain about them taking people's
identity.

Their answer was that I didn't know what I was talking about, that I
should get a clue and then they hung up on me...

Hmmm... I am somewhat frustrated.

--
Hugo Haas <[email protected]> - http://larve.net/people/hugo/
Shut up, brain, or I'll stab you with a Q-tip! -- Homer J. Simpson

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

Parents:

Hugo Haas wrote:

> * Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2002-04-03 11:10-0500]
>
>>I am thinking of doing the following:
>>
> [..]
>
>>- sue, or otherwise annoy (calling the CEO, etc), the spammers who
>>  will use my identity. I am not sure how to do that though and how
>>  successful I will be.
>>
>
> Since a fake email from Danbri just get through my whitelist, I just
> called them (407-539-0615) to complain about them taking people's
> identity.
>
> Their answer was that I didn't know what I was talking about, that I
> should get a clue and then they hung up on me...


I called the number to find out more. I just hung up from a
fascinating 45-minute call with a very helpful person.

The "good news" is that the guy I talked to said he would have
w3.org removedfrom their database.

Q: Is this illegal?

A: He didn't think so, at least in the US.
   Here's one case in the state of New York where an affiliate
   of the company who sent the spam sued an ISP because the ISP
   wanted to terminate their contract. The ISP lost; see [1].

   [1] http://www.computertimes.com/jul01internetnews.htm#newyork

   More info about the case:
     http://litigation.paetec.net/casedocs.html

Q: Isn't this unethical?

A: The gentleman I spoke to clearly didn't
   think it was, stating that he has the right to knock on my
   door and I have the right to turn him away.

   I didn't purse the ethical issues because their attitude
   was "As long as it's legal and we can make money doing it
   and someone else is going to do this, we're not going to
   worry about ethics."

Q: What can I do about this?

A:

   - The "nice" spammers will remove you from their lists; it's
     not in their business interest to sell lists of email
     addresses of people who don't want spam.

   - Filter what you can and delete the rest.

   - In the future, companies will exchange remove lists and
     spam will go down.

Q: How do you do this?

A:

 - We figure out what version of procmail you're using and
   that tells us, for example, that your mail server will
   accept mail from within the same domain (or forged to
   look that way).

 - We get email addresses by using binomial combinatorials,
   figuring out which email addresses are recognized, and
   then tucking them away for later.

This company makes 3.6 million dollars/year doing this
and they are not going to stop any time soon.

 - Ian
--
Ian Jacobs ([email protected])   http://www.w3.org/People/Jacobs
Tel:                     +1 718 260-9447

Re: Spam getting out of hands

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Parents:

On Wednesday 03 April 2002 12:21, Ian B. Jacobs wrote:
> Q: Is this illegal?
>
> A: He didn't think so, at least in the US.
>     Here's one case in the state of New York where an affiliate
>     of the company who sent the spam sued an ISP because the ISP
>     wanted to terminate their contract. The ISP lost; see [1].

That's nonsense. Spammer's frequently cite irrelevant cases and old House
and Senate resolutions that were never passed. (They do so and even violate
that which they are citing!) On a quick read, that case involved a contract
between the UCE entity and its ISP; the dispute revolved around whether the
terms of the ISP's service were violated (was there email truly
unsolicited?) such that the contract can be terminated. AND the judge
hasn't issued its ruling yet!

Our assholes are purposefully forging headers and From addresses to send
unsolicited email. In fact, their service is intended to make it very
difficult for an ISP to take an action against such a spammer, "Forget
problems with ISP 's your IP address will never be shown in our e-mail
headers." This is definitely against the law in some US states [a]. I'm not
sure if its against the law under Federal or Massachusetts law but I have
contacted and spoken with the FTC and the Middlesex's District Attorney's
Special Investigations (Computer) Investigator. The FTC doesn't speak about
any pending actions (they are so weak the typical result is a consent
degree that does not constitute an admission of guilt) so it's hard to say
if they would take any action. (They typically need to receive lots of
complaints.) I hope to hear back from the Middlesex DA or Massachusetts GA
as to whether this is presently violating any local laws.

Ian, did you find out which state they are based in? If we were lucky,
they'd do it to Janet and she could get some money out of them [b].

[a] http://spamlaws.com/state/summary.html
[b] http://www.woodyswatch.com/windows/archtemplate.asp?4-13#watchdog

--

Regards,          http://www.mit.edu/~reagle/
Joseph Reagle     E0 D5 B2 05 B6 12 DA 65  BE 4D E3 C1 6A 66 25 4E

* This email is from an independent academic account and is
 not necessarily representative of my affiliations.

Re: Spam getting out of hands

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  • None.

Parents:

Joseph Reagle <[email protected]> writes:

> On Wednesday 03 April 2002 12:21, Ian B. Jacobs wrote:
> > Q: Is this illegal?
> >
> > A: He didn't think so, at least in the US.
[]
> Our assholes are purposefully forging headers and From addresses to send
> unsolicited email. In fact, their service is intended to make it very
> difficult for an ISP to take an action against such a spammer, "Forget
> problems with ISP 's your IP address will never be shown in our e-mail
> headers." This is definitely against the law in some US states [a]. I'm not
> sure if its against the law under Federal or Massachusetts law but I have
> contacted and spoken with the FTC and the Middlesex's District Attorney's
> Special Investigations (Computer) Investigator. The FTC doesn't speak about
> any pending actions (they are so weak the typical result is a consent
> degree that does not constitute an admission of guilt) so it's hard to say
> if they would take any action. (They typically need to receive lots of
> complaints.) I hope to hear back from the Middlesex DA or Massachusetts GA
> as to whether this is presently violating any local laws.
>
> Ian, did you find out which state they are based in? If we were lucky,
> they'd do it to Janet and she could get some money out of them [b].

The State of Maine (where I reside) has been bouncing around some new
legislation ideas concerning spam [c].

Basically the law would be that they [spammers] would have to include
Adv in subject line and a valid email address or website link in the
message.  Pretty weak to begin with but was sailing along fine until
some clown started mucking with it making it less effective.  One of
the reasons he cites is how other states' legislation has been
ineffective and Maine should wait for the US government to address
it.

A more effective law would require no forged headers and a valid From
or Reply-to in addition to Adv, that way I could filter out and
automatically return fire to those that actually comply or comtemplate
suing those that don't if the return volley bounces.  I actually know
a few people in the Maine legislature and am tempted to offer consult
them but figure they probably have too many people involved to begin
with.

I would be surprised if Congress were to pass something useful in a
timely manner as they have flailed to date.  They should have the fore
sight of spammers going multinational and making the end customer
who's site is being advertised legally and therefore also financially
responsible for the tactics the spamming company they are employing
are using regardless of the country of origin of the spam.

I do have to agree that the various state laws have not served as much
of a deterent given the ongoing volume and practices.  Yes there have
been a few people like in the article Joseph cites that have been a
small nuisance to spammers.  It won't be until significant numbers of
people or class action law suits are started that there will be an
economic decision to comply with commercial email laws.  EU or US may
someday actually figure out how and when to properly legislate items
relating to the internet, their track records so far are pretty
muttled.  

> [a] http://spamlaws.com/state/summary.html
> [b] http://www.woodyswatch.com/windows/archtemplate.asp?4-13#watchdog

[c] http://www.portland.com/news/statehouse/020402spam.shtml

--
Ted Guild <[email protected]>
http://www.guilds.net

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

  • None.

Parents:

On Wed, Apr 03, 2002 at 11:10:17AM -0500, Hugo Haas wrote:
> This morning, I received spam from Joseph's address[1]. While I had
> heard about header forging for spam, I had never received one. Now
> that I have, I am furious:
> - they are using other people's identity.
> - my whitelist filtering ("Woohoo, no more spam in my inbox, ever!" --
>   Gerald Oskoboiny, 18 Dec 2000[2]) is useless.
> - I cannot reliably filter such emails.

Yeah, that sucks. I have received a few of those too.

> I am thinking of doing the following:
> - start PGP-signing all my emails: people will be able to reliably
>   filter emails coming from me.
>   That won't solve the problem though, unless I can convince the whole
>   world to do the same.
>   Still, I am thinking about doing it, and writing tools to have a
>   PGP-enabled whitelist.

I'd like to start doing that, but like you say I'm not sure at
what point it will become useful.

> - sue, or otherwise annoy (calling the CEO, etc), the spammers who
>   will use my identity. I am not sure how to do that though and how
>   successful I will be.

Trying to track down spammers generally seems like a waste of
time to me, but I hope other people do it :) I guess it can be
stress-relieving to flame someone once in a while.

> It seems that there is no immediate nor easy technological answer, and
> no easy legal action either.

How about: start doing whitelists of the relays that transmit
mail to your site instead of (or in addition to) From: lines.
In the case of your email, I would whitelist tux.w3.org, and for
mine you would do un.impressive.net.

For spam to w3.org email lists with forged w3.org From: lines, we
could add a filter to our hub to only accept mail with w3.org From:
lines if they come from a set of officially blessed relays.

>   1. http://lists.w3.org/Archives/Public/spec-prod/2002AprJun/0001.html
>   2. http://impressive.net/archives/fogo/[email protected]

--
Gerald Oskoboiny <[email protected]>
http://impressive.net/people/gerald/

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

Parents:

On Wed, 3 Apr 2002, Hugo Haas wrote:

> This morning, I received spam from Joseph's address[1]. While I had
> heard about header forging for spam, I had never received one. Now
> that I have, I am furious:
> - they are using other people's identity.

In france, it is forbidden to send an email impersonating someone else,
same as it is forbidden to read email sent to someone else than you.

> - my whitelist filtering ("Woohoo, no more spam in my inbox, ever!" --
>   Gerald Oskoboiny, 18 Dec 2000[2]) is useless.
> - I cannot reliably filter such emails.

I am using only keyword-in-body based spam filter, the list is quite huge
(~400 lines), and most of the spam gets into it.
Of course nothing is fool-proof, but spammers are somehow predictable in
what they want to sell ;)

--
~~Yves

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

Parents:

Hi there,


On Wed, Apr 03, 2002, Yves Lafon wrote:
>
> I am using only keyword-in-body based spam filter, the list is quite huge
> (~400 lines), and most of the spam gets into it.
> Of course nothing is fool-proof, but spammers are somehow predictable in
> what they want to sell ;)
>

Could it be possible to have a look at it for educationnal purpose ?

Cheers,
--
Pierre Baillet
             Linux is user friendly. Linux is not idiot friendly
                  If you don't understand that, use Windows

Re: Spam getting out of hands

Replies:

  • None.

Parents:

 This message is in MIME format.  The first part should be readable text,
 while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools.
 Send mail to [email protected] for more info.

---559023410-684387517-1017853067=:22524
Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII

On Wed, 3 Apr 2002, Pierre Baillet wrote:

> Could it be possible to have a look at it for educationnal purpose ?

in .procmailrc:

SPAMBOX=$HOME/mail/INBOX-spam
LINEBUF=16384

#---------------------------------------- keep only one mail in case of duplica
:0Wh:msgid.lock
|/usr/local/bin/formail -D 32768 msgid.cache

INCLUDERC=$HOME/.procm/yves

The rule is attached in this email, it is automagically generated by a sed
script (well, sed + sort + uniq)

--
~~Yves

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---559023410-684387517-1017853067=:22524--

Re: Spam filters

* Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2001-01-27 19:49-0500]
> I have finally switched from Junkfilter[1] to whitelist based
> filtering.
[..]

* Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2002-04-03 11:10-0500]
[..]
> It seems that there is no immediate nor easy technological answer, and
> no easy legal action either.

I have changed my spam filtering techniques taking into account the
new type of spam. I talked to Max who started using SpamAssassin[2]
and was happy about it. I had a look and found it cool. But I didn't
want to abandon my whitelist filtering.

I therefore am using 3 different folders:
- emails identified as spam.
- emails not identified as spam from people I know (who are on my
 whitelist).
- emails not identified as spam from people I don't know.

SpamAssassin works with a scoring system. I use my whitelist to
decrease the score when somebody is on my whitelist. It is therefore
easier to be considered as a spammer if the address in not on my
whitelist.

I have also enabled Vipul's Razor[3] for increasing my detection
accuracy. When I detect spam which isn't registered in Razor, I do so.

Here is what it looks like:

-*- Promailrc
=============

Whitelist detection:

 # White-base filtering
 WHITELIST_DIR=$HOME/whitelist
 WHITELIST=$WHITELIST_DIR/whitelist
 ffield=`formail -XFrom: | formail -r -xTo: | tr -d ' '`
 :0fhw
 * ? grep -F -i -x -q "$ffield" $WHITELIST
 | formail -i "X-HH-Whitelist: YES"

 :0Efhw
 | formail -i "X-HH-Whitelist: NO"

Spam filtering:

 SPAMASSASSINDIR=$HOME/spam/spamassassin

 :0fw
 | $SPAMASSASSINDIR/spamassassin -c $SPAMASSASSINDIR/rules -P

 :0:
 * ^X-Spam-Flag: YES
   spam

If something hasn't been classified as spam, see if I know the guy:

 INCLUDERC=$HOME/.procmail/spamfiltering

 :0:
 * ^X-HH-Whitelist: NO
   unknown

-*- SpamAssassin
================

Here is how I use my whitelist:

 # Whitelist filtering
 header          ON_WHITELIST    X-HH-Whitelist  =~      /^YES$/
 describe        ON_WHITELIST    Sender whitelisted
 score           ON_WHITELIST    -5.0

I have a few other non-related settings:

 # Don't rewrite the subject
 rewrite_subject 0

 # Leave the content-type alone
 defang_mime 0

 # Report in the header
 report_header 1
 use_terse_report 1

-*- Muttrc
==========

A few things that I configured to make my life easier:

 # Spam stuff
 # Show spam headers
 unignore X-Spam-Status X-Spam-Report
 # Highlight spam
 #ifndef USE_IMAP
 color index     red     default "~h '^X-Spam-Flag: YES'"
 color index     red     blue "~h '^X-Spam-Flag: YES' ! ~h '^X-Spam-Status: .*RAZOR_CHECK'"
 #endif
 # How to report spam
 #define REPORT_BULK_SPAM ";|formail -s spamassassin -r -D\n"
 macro index \eR "T! ~s '\^[[]Moderator Action[]] ' ~h '\^X-Spam-Flag: YES' ! ~h '\^X-Spam-Status: .*RAZOR_CHECK'\n"
 macro index \eS REPORT_BULK_SPAM
 macro pager \eS REPORT_BULK_SPAM

Note that there are spp commands because I preprocess my muttrc[4].

I am going to test that extensively and tweak it if necessary.

 2. http://spamassassin.taint.org/
 3. http://razor.sf.net/
 4. http://larve.net/people/hugo/2002/04/mutt-cpp
--
Hugo Haas <[email protected]> - http://larve.net/people/hugo/
Perhaps, but let's not get bogged down in semantics. -- Homer J.
Simpson

Re: Spam filters

On Mon, Apr 15, 2002 at 06:13:01PM -0400, Hugo Haas wrote:
> * Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2001-01-27 19:49-0500]
> > I have finally switched from Junkfilter[1] to whitelist based
> > filtering.
> [..]

> I have changed my spam filtering techniques taking into account the
> new type of spam. I talked to Max who started using SpamAssassin[2]
> and was happy about it. I had a look and found it cool. But I didn't
> want to abandon my whitelist filtering.

SpamAssassin looks excellent from what I have seen. I understand
it has some kind of automatic whitelist feature: every time you
receive non-spam from someone, their whitelist score increases?
(or something like that)

Thanks for the docs on your setup, I'm sure that will be useful.

> Note that there are [cpp] commands because I preprocess my muttrc[4].

>   2. http://spamassassin.taint.org/
>   4. http://larve.net/people/hugo/2002/04/mutt-cpp

I'm curious why you need to use cpp; I have most of my settings
in my .muttrc [5], and use a couple extra files [6] for other stuff
that is specific to a certain environment (personal or w3c mail)

For my w3c mail, I invoke mutt with "w3cmutt", which is aliased to:
   zot "w3c mail"; localsuffix="-w3c" mutt

(zot just changes the rxvt title bar; it's called zot because that's
what it was called when I got it from a friend 10 years ago)

Hmm... I guess you tried something like that before switching to
cpp; I'm just wondering what it was you finally needed cpp for.

[5] http://impressive.net/people/gerald/misc/dotfiles/muttrc
[6] http://impressive.net/people/gerald/misc/dotfiles/muttrc-local-devo
   http://impressive.net/people/gerald/misc/dotfiles/muttrc-local-w3c

(I don't need different configs for local/remote, since I always
store all my mail on my laptop.)

--
Gerald Oskoboiny <[email protected]>
http://impressive.net/people/gerald/

Re: Spam filters

Replies:

  • None.

Parents:

* Gerald Oskoboiny <[email protected]> [2002-04-15 23:07-0400]
> SpamAssassin looks excellent from what I have seen. I understand
> it has some kind of automatic whitelist feature: every time you
> receive non-spam from someone, their whitelist score increases?
> (or something like that)
[..]

Yes, there is an auto-whitelist feature. I haven't tried it yet. I
wasn't sure about how to leverage my existing whitelist to bootstrap
it, so I preferred to try and integrate my whitelist another way, and
maybe I will play with the auto-whitelist later.

I was somewhat worried that the whitelist would let everything
through. By default, you need 5 points to be declared as spam. An
email from the 'EMail-IT' True Stealth System that I was complaining
about[7] scores as follows:

 X-Spam-Report:   13.4 hits, 5 required;
   * -0.3 -- Cc: contains similar domains at least 10 times
   *  1.7 -- BODY: Includes a link to send a mail with a subject
   * -0.2 -- BODY: Includes a URL link to send an email
   *  3.5 -- BODY: Link to a URL containing "remove"
   *  3.0 -- Listed in Razor, see http://razor.sourceforge.net/
   *  4.5 -- HTML-only mail, with no text version
   *  0.2 -- From and To the same address
   *  1.0 -- Received via a relay in orbs.dorkslayers.com
     [RBL check: found 150.82.130.139.orbs.dorkslayers.com.]

With my whitelist 5 point-bonus, it scores 8.4 and is still recognized
as spam. From what I have seen, their whitelist had a 100 point-bonus,
which seems for too much[8]:

header From: address is in the user's white-list USER_IN_WHITELIST -100.0

There must be something I haven't understood about it yet.

> > Note that there are [cpp] commands because I preprocess my muttrc[4].
>
> >   2. http://spamassassin.taint.org/
> >   4. http://larve.net/people/hugo/2002/04/mutt-cpp
>
> I'm curious why you need to use cpp; I have most of my settings
> in my .muttrc [5], and use a couple extra files [6] for other stuff
> that is specific to a certain environment (personal or w3c mail)
>
> For my w3c mail, I invoke mutt with "w3cmutt", which is aliased to:
>     zot "w3c mail"; localsuffix="-w3c" mutt
>
> (zot just changes the rxvt title bar; it's called zot because that's
> what it was called when I got it from a friend 10 years ago)
>
> Hmm... I guess you tried something like that before switching to
> cpp; I'm just wondering what it was you finally needed cpp for.

Indeed I tried something like that, but it got rapidly very complex.
On my laptop, depending on if I read my private mail or my work mail,
if I use isync to read my IMAP folders locally or if I read them
remotely, I have 4 aliases:

 imutt='my_mutt -DWORK_CONF -DON_LAPTOP -DUSE_IMAP --'
 imuttp='my_mutt -DON_LAPTOP -DUSE_IMAP --'
 mutt='my_mutt -DWORK_CONF -DON_LAPTOP --'
 muttp='my_mutt -DON_LAPTOP --'

and at work, I have:

 mutt='my_mutt -DWORK_CONF --'
 muttp='my_mutt --'

My configuration is fairly complex because I have lots of different
settings for each of them. Here is an example:

#ifdef WORK_CONF
  #ifdef USE_IMAP
    #define FOLDER "{localhost:1430}mail"
  #else
    #define FOLDER "~/mail"
  #endif
#else
  #ifdef USE_IMAP
    #define FOLDER "{localhost:1430}private-mail"
  #else
    #define FOLDER "~/private-mail"
  #endif
#endif

set folder=FOLDER

and another one:

#ifndef USE_IMAP
  #ifndef ON_LAPTOP
    # Hide the IMAP server messages
    folder-hook . "push \"<limit> ! (~s 'DELETE THIS MESSAGE -- FOLDER INTERNAL DATA' ~f MAILER-DAEMON)\n\""
  #endif
#endif

I used your technique for a long time, but it just became too complex
to manage so many configurations.

 7. http://impressive.net/archives/fogo/[email protected]
 8. http://spamassassin.taint.org/tests.html
--
Hugo Haas <[email protected]> - http://larve.net/people/hugo/
Kids, your mother's under a lot of pressure, why don't we let her clear
the table in peace? -- Homer J. Simpson

Re: Spam filters

Replies:

  • None.

Parents:

* Hugo Haas <[email protected]> [2002-04-15 18:13-0400]
> I have changed my spam filtering techniques taking into account the
> new type of spam. I talked to Max who started using SpamAssassin[2]
> and was happy about it. I had a look and found it cool. But I didn't
> want to abandon my whitelist filtering.
>
> I therefore am using 3 different folders:
> - emails identified as spam.
> - emails not identified as spam from people I know (who are on my
>   whitelist).
> - emails not identified as spam from people I don't know.
>
> SpamAssassin works with a scoring system. I use my whitelist to
> decrease the score when somebody is on my whitelist. It is therefore
> easier to be considered as a spammer if the address in not on my
> whitelist.
>
> I have also enabled Vipul's Razor[3] for increasing my detection
> accuracy. When I detect spam which isn't registered in Razor, I do so.

I wanted to give an update an my spam filtering system. With the new
version of SpamAssassin (2.20) and Razor (1.20), my spam filter
catches about 98% of the spam (I lowered the threshold to 3.6 hits and
tweaked a couple of other rules). The 2% of spams that got through
went into my unknown sender folder.

The only non-spam email I saw it catch were bounces from mailing
lists.

In order to make sure that I improve my (and everybody else's) spam
filtering, I systematically bounce spam that went through to
spamassassin-sightings[4] (ESC-B in my Mutt session) and register all
confirmed spam with Razor[5] (ESC-R ; ESC-Z in my Mutt session). This
is easy enough that it just takes a few seconds every day or two.

Basically, I am *very* happy about this new system, and would
encourage people to use it: the more people use Razor and report spams
to it, the less spam we will see.

 4. http://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/spamassassin-sightings
 5. http://razor.sourceforge.net/
--
Hugo Haas <[email protected]> - http://larve.net/people/hugo/
Mais alors, tout se recoupe !

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